Nature of Aragon in English > Moncayo
The Mountain range of the Moncayo is located in the central sector of the Iberian Mountain range, to horse between the hydrographic river basins of the Duero and the Ebro. The summit of the Moncayo (2.315 m.) Is the maximum level of this mountainous system of the interior of the peninsula Iberian
Its geographical location, south of the depression of the Ebro, and its elevation with respect to the surrounding area make it a mountain that receives an important water contribution generated by the Atlantic frontal systems. This phenomenon is reflected in an evident altitudinal separation of bioclimatic floors, with a strong contrast between the northern slope and the sunny slope. To this fact is added the variation of geological substrates, with a siliceous zone, with quartzites and conglomerates of sandstones, and another limestone with important karstic manifestations.
The plant formations naturally present in the Sierra respond to these climatic and geological characteristics, appearing Carcojares, sabinas, holm oaks, rebollares, robledales, quejigares, beech forests and various subalpine shrubs and cacuminal pastures. In areas with waterlogging characteristics are birches, ash, aspen, etc.
The human intervention on the vegetation (charcoal, grazing, etc.) has given rise to the appearance of extensive bushes, emphasizing the acebares of the shady one of the Pedrisca. During the twentieth century, the Forestry Services of the 6th Hydrological-Forestry Division and, later, the State Forestry Heritage have carried out extensive reforestation with conifers on the most eroded lands. Thus, the mosaic of natural vegetation has been enriched by the existence of forests of wild pine, pinaster pine, black pine and black pine. The evolution of these artificial forests is favoring the installation of the natural masses of beech, oak, oak and oak, which regenerate under the cover of the pine forests, returning to occupy the land from which human use eliminated them.
The Natural Park of Moncayo was declared by Decree 73/1998 of the Diputación General de Aragón, which approved the Plan for the Regulation of Natural Resources (PORN) of the Moncayo Region. With this figure they have been legally protected under the figure of Parque 9.848 Has de la Sierra.
However, this figure of protection is not a new element, since for a long time ago the Administration has considered of special relevance the need to protect the Moncayo. In 1927, the "Dehesa del Moncayo" mountain, of 1,500 hectares, was declared by Royal Order "Natural Site of National Interest". This protection figure was reclassified in 1978 as the Dehesa del Moncayo Natural Park.
The process of elaboration of the PORN began in 1990, with the hiring of the necessary technical study on an area of 24,000 hectares, which affected 12 municipalities of the Sierra. This study showed the important ecological value of large areas of the Sierra located outside the Natural Park of the Dehesa del Moncayo and that deserved, at least, the same figure of protection.
In 1994, the Diputación General de Aragón initiated the administrative procedure of approval of the PORN. At all times consensus was sought with the owners of the land (mainly the local Administration) so that the declaration of a possible figure of protection did not prejudice the legally constituted uses and that they did not imply a significant injury to the current natural value. Thus, after a long process of meetings and modifications to refine the PORN text and the area to be included in the Park, the PORN was finally approved in 1998 by means of the aforementioned Decree, which included the declaration of the new Natural Park.
The current Park includes in its entirety the old Natural Park of the Dehesa del Moncayo. Of its 9,848 has. Some 800 hectares are owned by individuals, 83 hectares are owned by the Government of Aragon and the rest are municipal property, included in various forests of public utility. The Park affects 9 municipal areas: Tarazona (1,510 Has), San Martin (35 Has), Litago (112 Has), Lituenigo (18 Has), Trasmoz (319 Has), Añón (3,865 Has), Talamantes (405 Has) , Calcena (1,302 Has) and Purujosa (2,282 Has), all of them in the Pprovince of Zaragoza.
In the Park you can distinguish several natural areas:
North Forest Zone: Located on slopes of general north orientation on siliceous substrate. There are rebollar, oak and beech wood formations with birch enclaves and small holm oak beats. There are also extensive reforestation of Scots pine and some pine pinaster, laricio pine, black pine and red spruce. In this area, the greatest number of visitors is concentrated (here almost all the infrastructures for public use are found) and the most important wood forest uses. There is also a typical fauna of forest ecosystems.
Supra-forestry area : Located above and to the west of the previous one, in the zone of siliceous substrate. It includes several summits higher than 2000 m. of elevation, with the presence of subalpine shrublands and cacuminal pastures. In the area there are three Quaternary glacial cirques and they are still active periglacial processes, with abundance of grasslands, moraines, etc.
Zone of the Morana basin: South of the previous ones. It is a river basin with deep V ravines excavated on siliceous materials. It underwent an important deforestation accompanied by intense grazing, so it is almost totally devoid of arboreal vegetation, except for some reforestation at the headland with wild pine and black pine. The reduction of livestock pressure has favored the recovery of shrubs, among which are the acebedas and areas of creeping juniper or ratiza.
Area of the rocks of Herrera: It is a lateral divide and two valleys to the north and east, supported by an area of limestone outcrops, with bojedas and pastures. Its main importance lies in the presence of nesting raptors on the walls of the Peñas de Herrera.
Area of the Isuela Basin: This river drains the southern face of the Sierra and the Park occupies part of its head in the sun. The dominant geology is limestone, with molars and ravines, cliffs and karstic phenomena. The climate is warmer and drier than in the other areas. The area also suffered intense deforestation leaving remains of holm oaks and quejigares, as well as repopulations of laricio pine and pinaster. The vegetation of the limestones presents important singularities and the fauna stands out for the large colonies of rock-dwelling birds. The area has almost no human pressure.
En general puede decirse que el Parque Natural del Moncayo, en sus 9.848 Has, muestra una gran variedad de sistemas naturales, con un mosaico vegetal variado, con baja presión humana en la mayoría del territorio y un gran número de enclaves singulares representativos de su posición en transición entre las grandes unidades naturales atlánticas y mediterráneas del interior de la península ibérica. Es por tanto un enclave singularmente rico en diversidad biológica.
Como en todos los sistemas naturales europeos, la intervención del hombre continuada desde hace treinta siglos ha generado formaciones vegetales humanizadas. Algunas de ellas albergan comunidades animales de especial importancia y especies vegetales muy singulares. La conservación de estos enclaves implica el mantenimiento de las actividades humanas que los produjeron (caso de los pastizales alpinos, que degeneran si no se pastorean). Junto a esto existen sistemas muy simplificados y que pueden aumentar su valor natural tras una intervención humana que los diversifique (caso de las repoblaciones con coníferas y los necesarios tratamientos selvícolas).
El Parque Natural del Moncayo está incluido dentro del Catálogo de Espacios Naturales Protegidos de Aragón.
La protección de este Espacio Natural se articula mediante diferentes normas: la Ley 6/1998, de 19 de mayo, de Espacios Naturales Protegidos de Aragón, el Decreto 73/1998, de 31 de marzo, por el que se aprueba el Plan de Ordenación de los Recursos Naturales de la Comarca del Moncayo y el Decreto 31/1990, de 6 de marzo, por el que se aprueba el Plan Rector de Uso y Gestión del Parque Natural de la Dehesa del Moncayo, que estará vigente en tanto en cuanto no se apruebe el nuevo Plan Rector.
El nuevo Plan Rector de Uso y Gestión del Parque Natural del Moncayo ha sido elaborado por la Dirección del Parque y tras ser sometido a Informe favorable del Patronato, en la sesión ordinaria del Pleno el 19 de febrero de 2001, se aprobó por el Decreto 225/2002, de 25 de junio, del Gobierno de Aragón.
La vigencia de este PRUG es de cinco años, procediéndose a su revisión periódicamente.
El PRUG es el instrumento básico de planificación de la gestión del Parque que fija las normas que permiten su correcto uso y gestión, tratando de hacer compatible la conservación y restauración de los sistemas naturales del Parque con el desarrollo socioeconómico de los pueblos de la Comarca. Con esta finalidad se ha establecido una zonificación diferenciando tres niveles de protección:
Se regulan específicamente los usos y actividades permitidos y prohibidos con carácter general en todo el ámbito del Parque, manteniendo y ordenando aquellos usos tradicionales compatibles con su protección, cabe destacar, entre otros, los siguientes:
Se prohiben, las instalaciones publicitarias de carácter comercial y la instalación de nuevos repetidores de comunicación; el vertido de residuos, el desarrollo de competiciones deportivas salvo autorización expresa; provocar o hacer fuego salvo en las áreas expresamente establecidas; el tráfico rodado fuera de las carreteras asfaltadas, pistas y caminos forestales excepto para el servicio del Parque, provechamiento forestales o causas de fuerza mayor; la realización de nuevas edificaciones e infraestructuras con las excepciones establecidas en el propio Plan; la alteración de las condiciones naturales del Parque o de sus recursos y tampoco se autorizan los aprovechamiento mineros.
Se permiten las obras de conservación y mantenimiento de las edificaciones e infraestructuras existentes; los usos agrícolas, ganaderos, cinegéticos o piscícolas compatibles con la protección del Parque; aquellos que se autoricen y no impliquen riesgo para los recursos naturales; los trabajos de investigación; el senderismo, el montañismo, el esquí de travesía y la escalada en los lugares específicamente señalados para ello; y aquellos otros que puedan suponer un desarrollo socioeconómico en el Area de Influencia Socioeconómica siempre que sean compatibles con la protección y normativa del Parque.
Por otra parte, se establecen las Directrices de gestión para los diferentes aprovechamientos, usos y campos de actuación:
Finalmente, en el PRUG se prevé la realización de programas de interpretación y educación ambiental dentro del Parque y las ayudas técnicas y económicas destinadas de forma específica a compensar las limitaciones que se deriven de las medidas de protección y conservación de este Espacio Natural.
Also Aragon enjoys a diverse and varied Nature where passing by plants, animals, Geology, or landscapes we can arrive at a fantastic bestiary that lives in its monuments.
The information will not be complete without a stroll by its three provinces, with shutdown in some of its spectacular landscapes like Ordesa, the Moncayo, Monegros or by opposition the Ebro.
Also you can dedicarte to the intangible ones: from the legend compilation that also does to universal Aragon.
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Introduction to Parque Natural (de la Dehesa) del Moncayo. Nature in Aragon.
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